Month: February 2023

Synthesis and pharmacological study of 5,6,8,9-tetrahydro-4H,7H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]cyclopenta[b]thieno[3,2-f][1,4]diazepines was written by Vega, S.;Gil, M. Soledad;Darias, V.;Sanchez Mateo, Candelaria C.;Exposito, Maria A.. And the article was included in Pharmazie in 1995.SDS of cas: 70291-62-2 This article mentions the following:

The paper reports the synthesis of a series of 5,6,8,9-tetrahydro-4H,7H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]cyclopenta[b]thieno[3,2-f][1,4]diazepines and the results of the study on their CNS activity in mice. The pharmacol. properties of a previously prepared series of 5,6,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo analogs is also described. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Amino-5,6-dihydro-4H-cyclopenta[b]thiophene-3-carbonitrile (cas: 70291-62-2SDS of cas: 70291-62-2).

2-Amino-5,6-dihydro-4H-cyclopenta[b]thiophene-3-carbonitrile (cas: 70291-62-2) belongs to nitriles. Nitriles are polar, as indicated by high dipole moments. As liquids, they have high relative permittivities, often in the 30s. Nitriles are susceptible to hydrogenation over diverse metal catalysts. The reaction can afford either the primary amine (RCH2NH2) or the tertiary amine ((RCH2)3N), depending on conditions.SDS of cas: 70291-62-2

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Water-Soluble Iridium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes for the Alkylation of Amines with Alcohols was written by Fernandes, Ana;Royo, Beatriz. And the article was included in ChemCatChem in 2017.Synthetic Route of C14H12N2 This article mentions the following:

A new series of water-soluble Ir complexes with N-heterocyclic carbene ligands that bearing ester and amide groups were obtained and fully characterized. The new complexes were highly reactive and selective for the alkylation of amines with alcs. with a 1:1 ratio of reactants in water and in the absence of base or other additives. The catalytic system had a broad substrate scope, which allowed the synthesis of a variety of primary and secondary amines in excellent yields. A tolerance to a large range of functional groups was obtained. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-(Benzylamino)benzonitrile (cas: 10282-32-3Synthetic Route of C14H12N2).

4-(Benzylamino)benzonitrile (cas: 10282-32-3) belongs to nitriles. Trimerization of aromatic nitriles requires harsh reaction conditions, high temperatures, long reaction times, and pressure. Asymmetric bioreduction of nitriles is an attractive route to produce optically active nitriles as current metal-catalyzed hydrogenations tend to have low reactivity.Synthetic Route of C14H12N2

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis and application of 4-(coumarin-3-yl)thiophenes was written by Sabnis, Ram W.;Rangnekar, Dinesh W.. And the article was included in Sulfur Letters in 1993.Computed Properties of C12H14N2O4S This article mentions the following:

A facile synthesis of (4-coumarin-3-yl)thiophenes I (R¹ = H, OMe, R² = H, OH, OMe, NEt₂, R³ = H, OH, OMe, Cl, NO₂, R⁴ = H, OMe) was achieved by the condensation of 2-acetamido-3-cyano-4-carbethoxymethylene-5-carbethoxythiophene II with selected o-hydroxy aldehydes III in the presence of piperidine. The key intermediate II was synthesized by cyclocondensation of EtO₂CCH₂COCH₂CO₂Et, sulfur, and malononitrile by a Gewald synthesis followed by acetylation. I were applied on polyester fibers as fluorescent disperse dyes and their fluorescence and dyeing properties were studied. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 5-amino-4-cyano-3-(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)thiophene-2-carboxylate (cas: 58168-20-0Computed Properties of C12H14N2O4S).

Ethyl 5-amino-4-cyano-3-(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)thiophene-2-carboxylate (cas: 58168-20-0) belongs to nitriles. The electronic structure of nitriles is very similar to that of an alkyne with the main difference being the presence of a set of lone pair electrons on the nitrogen. Alkyl nitriles are sufficiently acidic to undergo deprotonation of the C-H bond adjacent to the CN group.Strong bases are required, such as lithium diisopropylamide and butyl lithium. The product is referred to as a nitrile anion. Computed Properties of C12H14N2O4S

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Non-covalent thrombin inhibitors featuring P₃-heterocycles with P₁-monocyclic arginine surrogates was written by Reiner, John E.;Siev, Daniel V.;Araldi, Gian-Luca;Cui, Jingrong Jean;Ho, Jonathan Z.;Reddy, Komandla Malla;Mamedova, Lala;Vu, Phong H.;Lee, Kuen-Shan S.;Minami, Nathaniel K.;Gibson, Tony S.;Anderson, Susanne M.;Bradbury, Annette E.;Nolan, Thomas G.;Semple, J. Edward. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2002.Safety of 3-Amino-4-methylbenzonitrile This article mentions the following:

Investigations on P₂-P₃-heterocyclic dipeptide surrogates directed towards identification of an orally bioavailable thrombin inhibitor led us to pursue novel classes of achiral, non-covalent P₁-arginine derivatives The design, synthesis, and biol. activity of inhibitors NC1-NC30 that feature three classes of monocyclic P₁-arginine surrogates will be disclosed: (1) (hetero)aromatic amidines, amines and hydroxyamidines, (2) 2-aminopyrazines, and (3) 2-aminopyrimidines and 2-aminotetrahydropyrimidines. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Amino-4-methylbenzonitrile (cas: 60710-80-7Safety of 3-Amino-4-methylbenzonitrile).

3-Amino-4-methylbenzonitrile (cas: 60710-80-7) belongs to nitriles. The R-C-N bond angle in and nitrile is 180° which give a nitrile functional group a linear shape. Both the carbon and the nitrogen are sp hydridized which leaves them both with two p orbitals which overlap to form the two π bond in the triple bond. Industrially, the main methods for producing nitriles are ammoxidation and hydrocyanation. Both routes are green in the sense that they do not generate stoichiometric amounts of salts.Safety of 3-Amino-4-methylbenzonitrile

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis of optically active 1-fluoroalkylbenzenes was written by Fritz-Langhals, Elke. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 1994.Reference of 101219-69-6 This article mentions the following:

Optically active 1-hydroxyalkyl benzenes having electron-withdrawing substituents are converted into the methanesulfonates and subsequently converted into the optically active 1-fluoroalkyl benzenes I (R = 4-cyano, 4-NO₂, 4-EtO₂C, 2-F, 4-Br, 4-O₂NC₆H₄) by use of the fluorinating agent CsF/HCONHMe. The starting alc. is also recovered, with a ratio of I:alc. depending on the solvent. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-4-(1-Hydroxyethyl)benzonitrile (cas: 101219-69-6Reference of 101219-69-6).

(R)-4-(1-Hydroxyethyl)benzonitrile (cas: 101219-69-6) belongs to nitriles. Trimerization of aromatic nitriles requires harsh reaction conditions, high temperatures, long reaction times, and pressure. Industrially, the main methods for producing nitriles are ammoxidation and hydrocyanation. Both routes are green in the sense that they do not generate stoichiometric amounts of salts.Reference of 101219-69-6

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Structure-activity relationships for inhibitors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exoenzyme S ADP-ribosyltransferase activity was written by Saleeb, Michael;Sundin, Charlotta;Aglar, Oeznur;Pinto, Ana Filipa;Ebrahimi, Mahsa;Forsberg, Aake;Schuler, Herwig;Elofsson, Mikael. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2018.Quality Control of 2-Amino-5,6-dihydro-4H-cyclopenta[b]thiophene-3-carbonitrile This article mentions the following:

During infection, the Gram-neg. opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa employs its type III secretion system to translocate the toxin exoenzyme S (ExoS) into the eukaryotic host cell cytoplasm. ExoS is an essential in vivo virulence factor that enables P. aeruginosa to avoid phagocytosis and eventually kill the host cell. ExoS elicits its pathogenicity mainly via ADP-ribosyltransferase (ADPRT) activity. The authors recently identified a new class of ExoS ADPRT inhibitors with in vitro IC₅₀ of around 20 μM in an enzymic assay using a recombinant ExoS ADPRT domain. Herein, the authors report structure-activity relationships of this compound class by comparing a total of 51 compounds based on a thieno [2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one and 4-oxo-3,4-dihydroquinazoline scaffolds. Improved inhibitors with in vitro IC₅₀ values of 6 μM were identified. Importantly, the authors demonstrated that the most potent inhibitors block ADPRT activity of native full-length ExoS secreted by viable P. aeruginosa with an IC₅₀ value of 1.3 μM in an enzymic assay. This compound class holds promise as starting point for development of novel antibacterial agents. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Amino-5,6-dihydro-4H-cyclopenta[b]thiophene-3-carbonitrile (cas: 70291-62-2Quality Control of 2-Amino-5,6-dihydro-4H-cyclopenta[b]thiophene-3-carbonitrile).

2-Amino-5,6-dihydro-4H-cyclopenta[b]thiophene-3-carbonitrile (cas: 70291-62-2) belongs to nitriles. Nitriles are polar, as indicated by high dipole moments. As liquids, they have high relative permittivities, often in the 30s. In conventional organic reductions, nitrile is reduced by treatment with lithium aluminium hydride to the amine. Reduction to the imine followed by hydrolysis to the aldehyde takes place in the Stephen aldehyde synthesis, which uses stannous chloride in acid.Quality Control of 2-Amino-5,6-dihydro-4H-cyclopenta[b]thiophene-3-carbonitrile

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

A new approach to the synthesis of lamotrigine and other 3,5-diamino-1,2,4-triazine derivatives was written by Ulomskii, E. N.;Shestakova, T. S.;Deev, S. L.;Rusinov, V. L.;Chupakhin, O. N.. And the article was included in Russian Chemical Bulletin in 2005.HPLC of Formula: 3218-45-9 This article mentions the following:

A new in principle method for the synthesis of 6-aryl(hetaryl)-3,5-diamino-1,2,4-triazines by decomposition of pre-synthesized tetrazolo[1,5-b][1,2,4]triazines was developed. The advantages of this method over traditional methods were demonstrated using the synthesis of a modern antiepileptic preparation lamotrigine, as an example. The crystal structure of 6-phenyltetrazolo[1,5-b][1,2,4]triazin-7-amine is presented [monoclinic, space group P2₁/c, a 10.935(2), b 6.7330(10), c 13.279(3) Å, β 93.20(3)°, V 976.1(3) ų, Z 4]. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)acetonitrile (cas: 3218-45-9HPLC of Formula: 3218-45-9).

2-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)acetonitrile (cas: 3218-45-9) belongs to nitriles. Trimerization of aromatic nitriles requires harsh reaction conditions, high temperatures, long reaction times, and pressure. In conventional organic reductions, nitrile is reduced by treatment with lithium aluminium hydride to the amine. Reduction to the imine followed by hydrolysis to the aldehyde takes place in the Stephen aldehyde synthesis, which uses stannous chloride in acid.HPLC of Formula: 3218-45-9

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Alkylation of Aromatic Amines with Trialkyl Amines Catalyzed by a Defined Iridium Complex with a 2-Hydroxypyridylmethylene Fragment was written by Deng, Danfeng;Hu, Bowen;Zhang, Ziyu;Mo, Shengkai;Yang, Min;Chen, Dafa. And the article was included in Organometallics in 2019.Category: nitriles-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Six Cp*Ir complexes containing NN-bidentate chelate ligands [Cp*IrCl(C₅H₄CH₂C₅H₃OH)][Cl] (1), [Cp*IrCl(C₅H₄CH₂C₅H₃O)] (2), [Cp*IrCl(C₅H₄C₅H₃OH)] [Cl] (3), [Cp*IrCl(C₅H₄CH₂C₅H₄)][Cl] (4), [Cp*IrCl(CH₃OC₅H₃CH₂C₅H₃OCH₃)][Cl] (5), and [Cp*IrCl(CH₃OC₅H₃CH₂C₅H₃OH)][Cl] (6) were synthesized and characterized. Complex 1 could be transformed to 2 when reacted with NaO^tBu or NEt₃ via -OH deprotonation. These six complexes were tested as catalysts for mono-N-alkylation of amines with trialkyl amines, and complex 1 exhibited highest activity. The coupling reactions proceed under air condition, with 1 mol % catalyst loading without extra base in methanol at 120 °C and can be further accelerated by adding NR₃·HCl. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-(Ethylamino)benzonitrile (cas: 4714-63-0Category: nitriles-buliding-blocks).

4-(Ethylamino)benzonitrile (cas: 4714-63-0) belongs to nitriles. There has been no report on the microbial biosynthesis of nitriles and the physiological function of such enzymes, nor was it not even known whether aliphatic and aromatic nitriles are biological compounds or just petrochemicals. In addition, Nitriles can react with alkynes, which leads to an increase in carbon chain length (carbocyanation).Category: nitriles-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effects of Various Bases on Acid-Catalyzed Amination of 2-Chloro-5-ethylpyrimidine: Synthesis of PPARpan Agonist GW693085 was written by Glover, Bobby N.;Jones, Lynda A.;Johnson, Byron S.;Millar, Alan;Osterhout, Martin H.;Xie, Shiping. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2010.COA of Formula: C11H13NO This article mentions the following:

A unique buffering effect of various bases, i-Pr₂NEt and CaCO₃ in particular, was observed for the acid-catalyzed chloro displacement of 2-chloro-5-ethylpyrimidine with a 2-methyl-2-phenylpropanamine. The use of the carefully chosen bases was essential for the progression of the chloro displacement as well as the stability of the product in the presence of HCl formed. Research work leading to an efficient synthesis of PPARpan agonist GW693085 (I) is described, featuring highly selective sequential N- and O-alkylations. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile (cas: 5351-07-5COA of Formula: C11H13NO).

2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile (cas: 5351-07-5) belongs to nitriles. Trimerization of aromatic nitriles requires harsh reaction conditions, high temperatures, long reaction times, and pressure. In conventional organic reductions, nitrile is reduced by treatment with lithium aluminium hydride to the amine. Reduction to the imine followed by hydrolysis to the aldehyde takes place in the Stephen aldehyde synthesis, which uses stannous chloride in acid.COA of Formula: C11H13NO

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Preparation of magnetically recyclable ZnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles by easy single-step co-precipitation method and their catalytic performance in the synthesis of 2-aminothiophenes was written by Erfaninia, N.;Tayebee, R.;Foletto, E. L.;Amini, M. M.;Dusek, M.;Zonoz, F. M.. And the article was included in Applied Organometallic Chemistry in 2018.HPLC of Formula: 70291-62-2 This article mentions the following:

A new synthetic route for the preparation of ZnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles through the chem. co-precipitation using Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ ions in an alk. solution was developed. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, ICP-MS, DRS, TGA, VSM and elemental anal. Characterization results confirmed the formation of single ZnFe₂O₄ phase, with an average particle size of 40 nm and a high saturation magnetization of 34 emu g^-1. The prepared material was employed as a catalyst for the synthesis of 2-aminotiophene derivatives I [R¹ = Ph; R² = Me; R¹ = R² = H, Et; R¹R² = (CH₂)₃, (CH₂)₄, (CH₂)₅] through the Gewald reaction of ketones/aldehyde with malonodinitrile. This thermally and chem. stable nanocatalyst was environmentally benign, economical and reusable which easily recovered using an external magnet. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Amino-5,6-dihydro-4H-cyclopenta[b]thiophene-3-carbonitrile (cas: 70291-62-2HPLC of Formula: 70291-62-2).

2-Amino-5,6-dihydro-4H-cyclopenta[b]thiophene-3-carbonitrile (cas: 70291-62-2) belongs to nitriles. Trimerization of aromatic nitriles requires harsh reaction conditions, high temperatures, long reaction times, and pressure. Nitrile groups in organic compounds can undergo a variety of reactions depending on the reactants or conditions. A nitrile group can be hydrolyzed, reduced, or ejected from a molecule as a cyanide ion.HPLC of Formula: 70291-62-2

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts