The author of 《Visible light driven, nickel-catalyzed aryl esterification using a triplet photosensitiser thioxanthen-9-one》 were Zhu, Da-Liang; Li, Hong-Xi; Xu, Ze-Ming; Li, Hai-Yan; Young, David J.; Lang, Jian-Ping. And the article was published in Organic Chemistry Frontiers in 2019. Application In Synthesis of 4-Bromobenzonitrile The author mentioned the following in the article:
An approach to the visible light-initiated, nickel-catalyzed esterification of carboxylic acids RC(O)OH (R = Me, Ph, 2H-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl, adamantan-1-yl, etc.) with aryl bromides ArBr (Ar = Ph, 3-cyano-4-fluorophenyl, 6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl, etc) have been reported. Thioxanthen-9-one works as a triplet photosensitizer to significantly accelerate this cross-coupling to provide aryl esters ArOC(O)R in moderate to excellent yields at room temperature A mechanistic investigation indicates that this esterification undergoes the stepwise oxidative addition of an 4-bromobenzonitrile to nickel, transmetalation of an aryl-Ni(II) bromide complex I, energy transfer from thioxanthen-9-one to an excited-state aryl-Ni(II) carboxylate and reductive elimination to the 4-cyanophenyl acetate. This study contributes to the utilization of ketones as triplet photosensitizers in photochem. transformations. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 4-Bromobenzonitrile(cas: 623-00-7Application In Synthesis of 4-Bromobenzonitrile)
4-Bromobenzonitrile(cas: 623-00-7) is classified as organic nitriles, which are commonly use solvents and are reacted further for various applications such as manufacture of polymers and intermediates for pharmaceuticals and other organic chemicals,Application In Synthesis of 4-Bromobenzonitrile It can also be used as an aryl halide test compound in developing greener reaction conditions for Suzuki cross-coupling between aryl halides and phenyl boronic acid.
Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts