In an article, author is Hebert, Mathieu, once mentioned the application of 38487-86-4, Recommanded Product: 38487-86-4, Name is 2-Amino-4-chlorobenzonitrile, molecular formula is C7H5ClN2, molecular weight is 152.581, MDL number is MFCD00035927, category is nitriles-buliding-blocks. Now introduce a scientific discovery about this category.
Selective and eco-friendly recovery of glucosinolates from mustard seeds (Brassica juncea) using process optimization and innovative pretreatment (high voltage electrical discharges)
Glucosinolates (B-thioglucoside-N-hydroxysulfates) are rich-sulfur secondary metabolites presented in a large variety of plants mainly in Cruciferous. They may be hydrolyzed by an endogene enzyme called myrosinase to liberate numerous sub-products such as isothiocyanates, thiocyanates and nitriles. Glucosinolates possess biological activity, which reinforce their potential applications as natural biofumigant agents to replace chemical pes-ticides. However, the presence of these compounds in the meal after oil extraction blocks its use as animal feed. The objective of this investigation was to develop an eco-friendly process to recover glucosinolates from mustard seed meal rich in sinigrin and gluconapin conventionally extracted using methanol at high temperature. The object is to obtain simultaneously an active extract rich in GSL as biopesticide and a detoxified meal rich in proteins suitable for animal feeding. For this purpose, mustard seeds were first defatted using a laboratory hydraulic press. The pressing was occurred at 100 bars and 80 degrees C for 80 min allowing the recovery of 84% of intracellular oil. The obtained defatted meal is rich in proteins (35.8-40.8%), sinigrin (128.8-139.5 mu mol/g DM) and gluconapin (14.8-18.4 mu mol/g DM). The objective was to maximize the extraction of glucosinolates and to minimize the extraction of proteins using only green solvents (ethanol and water) to preserve the nutritional quality of meal as animal feed. Preliminar optimization was performed using grinding as standard pretreatment and followed by liquid/solid extraction; it allowed to recover 88% of sinigrin and 73.7% of gluconapin after 8 min using a solution of 40% ethanol at 40 degrees C in 10-fold excess (w/w). Only 19.6% and 20.3% respectively of sinigrin and gluconapin were recovered with the same conditions on untreated meal. Influence of high-voltage electrical discharges (HVED) on the selective extraction of glucosinolates was then investigated. The application of HVED at 40 kV for 5 ms permitted to recover 97% of sinigrin and 75% of gluconapin without further diffusion operation. Temperature increase during HVED operation did not exceed 12 degrees C. Glucosinolates extraction selectivity was better with HVED in compare to grinding + diffusion operation with lower proteins extraction (2.3% vs. 6.8%). The residual meal conserved high proteins content (40.3%) and very low glucosinolates concentration (6.8 mu mol/g DM), thus suitable for animal feeding. (C) 2020 Institution of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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